近年来,有关人类微生物菌群的研究逐步走进公众的视野,越来越多的研究者意识到微生物菌群对人类整体健康的重要性。这让一些主张消除微生物菌群的人感到震惊。相反,人们已经开始注意到自身作为微生物菌群的管理者,倾向于利用微生物来达到有利于健康的目的。近年来,肠道微生物与心理健康的关联开始得到关注,脑-肠轴的发现对揭示肠道微生态环境如何影响心理健康的神经生物学机制打开了一扇窗口。1人类肠道微生物的起源及其生态系统的多样性 In recent years, research on human microbial flora has gradually entered the public field of vision. More and more researchers are aware of the importance of microbial flora to the overall health of human beings. This shocks some who advocate the elimination of microbial flora. On the contrary, people have begun to notice that as a manager of microbial flora, they tend to use microbes for the purpose of health promotion. In recent years, attention has been paid to the association of gut microbiomes with mental health, and the discovery of the brain-gut axis opens the window to the neurobiological mechanisms that reveal how gut microecology can affect mental health. 1 The Origin of Human Intestinal Microorganism and Its Ecosystem Diversity