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1985年9月以美国得克萨斯州休斯敦赖斯大学的化学家理查德·斯莫利(Richand E.Smalley)为首的一个研究小组在用大功率激光轰击石墨靶作碳的汽化试验时,发现了一些由偶数碳原子组成的碳分子。最早发现的是由6O个碳原子组成的C_(6O),其后又发现了C_(70)。现在已知,碳分子有一个庞大的家族。包括,C_(32)、C_(44)、C_(50)、C_(58)、C_(60)、C_(70)、C_(240)、C_(540)、C_(960)……等。最早发现的C_(60)碳分子的结构类似美国建筑设计师设计的一种圆顶建筑结构(由五角形和六角形拼接而成),该设计师叫巴克明斯特·富勒(Buckminster Fuller),所以斯莫利等化学家把这种碳分子命名为“富勒氏球”(Fullerenes)或“布基球”(Bucryball)。C_(60)还能生成种各种化合物。封2彩图上为“富勒氏球”家族。图中,1为“绒毛球或C_(60)H_(60),是一种完全氢化的C_(60),巴克明斯富勒氏化合物;2为“小兔球”,或C_(60)(OSO_4),由伯克利加利福尼亚大学的乔尔·M·霍金斯(Joel M.Hawkins)领导的小组人工合成的;3为“铂芒刺球”(Platinum-Burr Ball),{〔(C_2H_5)_3P〕_2Pt}_6C_(60),由杜邦公司中心的研究和开发部的保罗·J·费根(Paul J.Fagan)和约瑟夫·C·卡拉布雷西(Joseph C.Calabrese)开发出的,为了简化,图中省去了C_2H_5络化物的结构。
A team led by chemist Richand E.Smalley of the University of Rice in Houston, Texas, USA, in September 1985, found that using a high-power laser bombardment of graphite targets for carbon vaporization tests Some carbon molecules composed of even carbon atoms. The earliest one was C_ (6O) which consisted of 6O carbon atoms, and then found C_ (70). It is now known that carbon molecules have a large family. Including C_32, C_44, C_50, C_58, C_60, C_70, C_40, C_540, C_960, and so on. The earliest discovered structure of C60 carbon molecules resembled a dome-shaped structure (pentagonal and hexagonal splicing) designed by American architects. The designer named Buckminster Fuller, So chemists such as Somley name the carbon molecule Fullerenes or Bucryball. C_ (60) can also generate a variety of compounds. Seal 2 color map for the “Fuller’s ball” family. In the figure, 1 is "fluff ball or C_ (60) H_ (60), which is a fully hydrogenated C_ (60) Barkmins fuller compound; (OSO_4), a group led by Joel M. Hawkins of the University of California, Berkeley; 3 is a Platinum-Burr Ball, {[(C_2H_5) _3P Developed by Paul J. Fagan and Joseph C. Calabrese of the DuPont Research and Development Division, in order to simplify , The figure eliminates the C_2H_5 complex structure.