目的:探讨淫羊藿苷(ICA)对快速老化小鼠SAMP10的学习记忆能力以及胆碱能系统的影响。方法:采取8月龄快速老化小鼠SAMP10为实验对象,随机分为模型SAMP10组,阳性药多奈哌齐组(1 mg.kg-1),ICA低、中、高剂量(50,100,200 mg.kg-1)组,每组12只,以12只同月龄抗快速老化小鼠SAMR1为正常对照。灌胃给药30 d,通过Morris水迷宫、SMG-2迷宫、小鼠跳台仪检测ICA对SAMP10学习记忆能力的影响,通过比色法测定皮层中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活力,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测乙酰胆碱(ACh)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)以及M-胆碱能受体结合力(MCBC)来探讨ICA对SAMP10小鼠胆碱能系统的作用。结果:ICA可以改善SAMP10小鼠的空间探索能力以及定位航行能力,缩短SAMP10小鼠在SMG-2迷宫的潜伏期,提高其在跳台实验中的被动反应能力,增加SAMP10小鼠大脑皮层ACh的含量,提高SAMP10小鼠皮层中MCBC以及ChAT的活性,但对SAMP10小鼠皮层中的AChE活性作用不明显。结论:不同剂量的淫羊藿苷可不同程度的改善SAMP10小鼠的学习记忆能力,其作用机制可能与对胆碱能系统的影响有关。 Objective: To investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on learning and memory ability and cholinergic system of SAMP10 in rapidly aged mice. Methods: The fast-aging mice (SAMP10), aged 8 months, were randomly divided into three groups: model SAMP10 group, donepezil positive group (1 mg.kg-1), low, medium and high dose ICA (50,100,200 mg.kg- Group, 12 in each group. Twelve SAMR1 mice with the same age were used as normal control. The effects of ICA on the learning and memory ability of SAMP10 were detected by Morris water maze, SMG-2 maze and mouse platform by intragastric administration for 30 days. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the cortex was determined by colorimetric assay. To investigate the effect of ICA on the cholinergic system in SAMP10 mice by immunoadsorbent assay (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (ChAT) and M-cholinergic receptor binding (MCBC). Results: ICA could improve spatial exploration ability and navigation ability of SAMP10 mice, shorten the incubation period of SAMP10 mice in SMG-2 maze, enhance their reactive ability in jumping test and increase the ACh content in SAMP10 mice cerebral cortex, Improve the activity of MCBC and ChAT in the SAMP10 mouse cortex, but have no obvious effect on the AChE activity in the SAMP10 mouse cortex. CONCLUSION: Icariin at different dosages can improve the learning and memory abilities of SAMP10 mice to varying degrees, and its mechanism may be related to the influence on the cholinergic system.