近廿年来美国教学法的钟摆从传统的语法为纲摆到“听说法”,而现在它又转向一个新的方向,其实质在于培养“交际”能力,即理解别人的意思和表达自己的意思的能力。本文准备分析一下这种倾向的相当可观的实验基础,讨论一下旨在培养交际能力的实际、教学方法。关于术语,需要交待一下。话语的形式和内容之间存在着差别,这一点已不再引起什么异议了。在通常的话语中,形式和内容是紧密地联系在一起的,但是为了研究和教学的目的,可以把它们区分开来。本文中形式一词指的是一切语言符号或者语音本身,而意思一词指整段话和话语所表达的整个“画面”。按我们的理解,交际能力就是理解和传达意思的能 In recent twenty years, the pendulum of American pedagogy has shifted from the traditional grammar to the “law of hearing and hearing”, and now it turns to a new direction. Its essence lies in cultivating the ability of “communication”, that is, understanding other people’s meaning and expressing one’s own meaning Ability. This article is intended to analyze the considerable experimental basis for this orientation and to discuss practical and pedagogical approaches aimed at developing communicative competence. About terminology, need to explain. There is a difference between the form and content of discourse, which no longer causes any objections. In the usual discourse, form and content are closely linked, but for research and teaching purposes, they can be distinguished. The word form refers to all language symbols or speech itself, and the meaning refers to the whole “picture” expressed by the whole paragraph and discourse. According to our understanding, communicative competence is the ability to understand and convey meaning