论文部分内容阅读
对中国法律传统中的遗失物制度细致分析表明:与通常的看法相反,古代遗失物制度既非以《周礼》为原型,亦非呈现某种波浪式的摇摆,却很符合直线———断裂的范式。支配着古人遗失物制度立法思想的是一个高度稳定的观念层:其核心是“失物返还”和“拾遗近盗”,对前者信心的崩溃则带来了明清律遗失物制度的戏剧性转折。理解古代遗失物制度的关键是“道不拾遗”的隐喻,正是这个神话,使古人把遗失物问题政治化了。从根本上说,中国古代遗失物制度的立法动机是维持秩序而非确立权利(物权)。在奇迹般的大化之境的背后,则是对全能全知的政治权力的渴望和信仰。
A detailed analysis of the system of lost property in Chinese legal tradition shows that contrary to the usual view, the ancient system of lost property is neither based on the “Zhou Li” nor is it a wavy swing, but it is in line with the straight line --- Paradigm of fracture. The idea of governing the legislation of the ancients’ lost property system is a highly stable concept layer: its core is “returning lost property” and “recovering from theft”, and the collapse of confidence in the former brought about a dramatic turning point in the system of lost property in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The key to understanding the ancient system of lost objects is the metaphor of “Tao Bujiujiu”. It is this myth that made the ancients politicize the issue of the lost property. Fundamentally, the legislative motivation for the ancient system of lost property in China is to maintain order rather than establish rights (real rights). Behind the miracle of great magnification lies the desire and faith for the all-knowing political power.