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所谓外债管理就是对一个国家的对外负债在资金引进、使用及偿还等方面进行有效地控制和管理。外债管理的两个最主要的任务就是确定外债数额和外债构成。为了有效管理外债,债务国政府首先必须预计偿付期限,预测出口收益、国家财政收入和将来继续取得外资的各种途径。其次,还应当密切注意本国提前偿还债务和为债务再筹资的能力。具体做到以下几点:①充分利用条件较好的新贷款;②使项目贷款的偿还期适应该项目的收益;③妥善处理出口收益和亏损或预算外进口支出。
The so-called foreign debt management refers to the effective control and management of the external liabilities of a country in the aspects of fund introduction, use and repayment. The two most important tasks in managing foreign debt are to determine the composition of the foreign debt and the external debt. In order to effectively manage the external debt, the government of the debtor country must first estimate the period of repayment, the export earnings projections, the state revenue and various ways in which foreign investment will continue to be obtained in the future. Second, it should also pay close attention to its ability to repay its debt early and refinance its debt. Specific to do the following: ① make full use of new loans better conditions; ② make the loan repayment period of the project to adapt to the proceeds; ③ properly handle export earnings and losses or extra-budgetary expenditures for imports.