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目的 了解已婚妇女妇科常见病的患病情况及相关的影响因累。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法在8个县(市、区),抽取已婚妇女4054例进行问卷调查、妇科检查和实验室检查,应用EPI5和SAS软件进行数据的统计分析。结果 妇科常见病患病率顺序依次为生殖道感染60.1％、月经紊乱21.7％(未绝经妇女中)和痛经8.2％(未绝经妇女中)、盆腔肿物5.1％、子宫脱垂/阴道壁膨出0.6％、其他病0.74％。年龄31～40岁者、从事服务行业、高中文化程度、人均收入低于1000元、使用IUD避孕、采用非淋浴方式洗澡者以及有人工流产手术史是生殖道感染发生的危险因素;年龄41～50岁者、文化程度在高中以上以及有人工流产手术史均为盆腔肿物发生的危险因素。结论 防治妇女生殖道感染应为今后妇女常见病防治的重要内容之一,并要提高节育期妇女的避孕保健服务质量。
Objective To understand the prevalence of gynecological common diseases in married women and the related factors. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 4054 married women in 8 counties (cities and districts) for gynecological examination and laboratory tests. The data were analyzed by EPI5 and SAS software. Results The prevalence of gynecological common diseases were 60.1% of reproductive tract infections, 21.7% of menstrual disorders (in postmenopausal women) and 8.2% of dysmenorrhea (in postmenopausal women), pelvic masses 5.1%, uterine prolapse / vaginal wall swelling Out 0.6%, other diseases 0.74%. Age 31 ~ 40 years old, engaged in the service industry, high school education, per capita income of less than 1,000 yuan, the use of IUD contraception, the use of non-shower bath and artificial abortion surgery history of genital tract infection risk factors; age 41 ~ 50-year-old, with a high school education or above, and a history of artificial abortion are all risk factors for pelvic mass. Conclusion Prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections in women should be one of the important contents of prevention and treatment of common diseases in women in the future, and the quality of contraceptive health care services for women in the period of adolescence should be improved.