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美国《模范刑法典》的最大贡献在于把所有的客观要素区分为行为、结果和附随情节;把所有的可责性要素从80多种降低为四种,即蓄意、明知、轻率和疏忽;通过要素分析法建立了这些客观要素与可责性要素之间的关系。要素分析法不但以其全面、清晰和简洁为公民提供了行为规范,而且也限制了司法者的自由裁量权;不但限制了司法者在定罪时的专断和偏见,而且也为司法者公正地量刑提供了基础。要素分析法的这些进步并不能遮蔽它在适用中可能存在的问题。要素分析法对我国刑法理论中的结果加重犯、从重处罚情节和罪过结构的重构都具有借鉴意义。
The greatest contribution of the United States Model Code Penal Code lies in the division of all objective elements into acts, outcomes and accompanying episodes; the reduction of all the elements of responsibility from more than 80 to four, namely intentional, knowing, reckless and negligent; The factor analysis method establishes the relationship between these objective elements and the responsible elements. Not only has it provided citizens with a code of conduct for their completeness, clarity and conciseness, but also limits the judicial discretion of the judiciary; it not only limits the arbitrariness and prejudice of the judiciary at the time of conviction but also imposes a just penalty on the part of the judiciary Provide the foundation. These advances in factor analysis do not mask the problems that it may have in its application. The method of factor analysis aggravates the result in the theory of criminal law in our country, and it is of great significance to draw lessons from the plot of heavy punishment and the reconstruction of criminal structure.