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化学防治农作物病虫害,具有作用快、效果明显的特点,是病虫害综合防治中的一个重要组成部分。但是,在食用菌栽培中,只是在不得已的情况下才用化学药判防治,且在使用时要特别注意掌握农药的正确使用方法,严格遵循操作规程,确保农药的残留量和有毒无素的含量控制在国家允许的标准以下,使之对人盲安全,无副作用。防治真菌类病害,多采用多菌灵、苯菌灵、甲基托布津、涕必灵、代森锰锌、甲醛等药剂。杀灭细菌病毒类采用漂白粉(次氯酸钙)、酒精等较为普遍。若局部发生较严重的细菌性病害,也可采用兽用抗菌素,如青霉素、链霉素、金霉素等。霉菌类可采用石灰防治。危害食用菌的害虫有许多种,每种又有不同虫态,所以应针对不同种类及虫态选用不同的药剂。实践证明,实用菌在培养料面发生菌蛆(蚊、蚋、蝇幼虫)、螨类、跳虫、以及菌种生产中发生螨类,便用除虫菊脂、菊乐合酯、
Chemical prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests has the characteristics of quick effect and obvious effect, and is an important part of integrated pest management. However, in the cultivation of edible mushrooms, chemical pesticides should only be used as a last resort, and special attention should be paid to the proper use of pesticides when using them. Strictly follow the operating procedures to ensure that pesticide residues and toxic and non-toxic Content control in the country to allow the following standards to make it blind to people without side effects. Prevention and control of fungal diseases, and more use of carbendazim, benomyl, thiophanate-methyl, DD will Ling, mancozeb, formaldehyde and other agents. Kill bacteria and viruses using bleach (calcium hypochlorite), alcohol, etc. are more common. If the local occurrence of more serious bacterial diseases, but also the use of veterinary antibiotics, such as penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline and so on. Molds can be lime control. There are many kinds of pests that endanger edible fungi, and each has a different state of insects, so different agents should be chosen according to different types and insect states. Practice has proved that the practical bacteria in the production of maggots on the material surface (mosquito, flies, fly larvae), mites, spring insects, and the production of mites species, they use pyrethrum, narcissus,