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1983年9月,我随中国森林生态和水土保持考察团去联邦德国巴伐利亚州(以下简称巴州)进行了半个月的考察,现将了解到的主要情况作一简单介绍。联邦德国总面积24,8万公里~2,受大西洋暖流影响,气候温和,年降雨量平原地区为500～800毫米,南部山区为1000～2000毫米。森林总面积699万公顷,占国土总面积的29%。巴州位于东南部山区,全州森林面积255.3万公顷,占全国森林总面积的37.3%,森林覆盖率为33.7%。该州南部为阿尔卑斯山,中部、北部为丘陵和莱因河及其支流的冲积平原,海拔由200～2963米,森林的垂直分布十分明显,主要可分为以下儿个森林垂直分布带:
In September 1983, I visited China’s Bavarian State of Bavaria (hereinafter referred to as Bavarian State) for a half-month with the Chinese delegation to the study on forest ecology and soil and water conservation, and I briefly introduced the major situations learned. The total area of the Federal Republic of Germany 240,000 km ~ 2, affected by the Atlantic warm, mild climate, annual rainfall of 500 to 800 mm plain area, the southern mountainous area of 1000 to 2000 mm. The total area of forest is 6.99 million hectares, accounting for 29% of the total land area. Bazhou is located in the southeastern mountains, the state forest area of 2.553 million hectares, accounting for 37.3% of the total forest area, the forest coverage rate of 33.7%. The southern part of the state is the Alps. The central and northern parts are the alluvial plain of the hills and the Rhine River and its tributaries. The elevation ranges from 200 to 2963 meters. The vertical distribution of the forest is obvious. The forest can be divided into the following vertical distributions: