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目的了解乌鲁木齐市流动儿童的预防接种状况,掌握影响流动儿童接种率的相关因素,为流动儿童的免疫接种管理提供相关依据。方法在市辖区流动人口聚集地随机抽取6个调查点,每个调查点随机入户调查1~5岁的流动儿童60名,使用统一的调查表进行调查,调查内容包括流动儿童的基本信息,建证和疫苗接种情况,儿童家长职业、经济收入、文化程度以及儿童未建证原因等。结果所调查目标儿童中合格调查流动儿童341名,流动儿童的计划免疫疫苗的单苗接种率均低于国家单苗接种率大于90%以上的要求,疫苗全程接种率仅有76.54%。流动儿童建证率与家庭收入、家庭子女数、民族、地区分布等在统计学上有差异,尤其是民族(χ2=20.68,P<0.01)、地区分布(χ2=29.06,P<0.01)差异显著,少数民族儿童的建证率远低于汉族儿童,省内流动儿童的建证率远低于省外流动儿童。结论乌鲁木齐市流动儿童免疫接种率较低,应加大对流动儿童家长的计划免疫知识的宣传力度,采用形式多样的宣传方式,争取相关部门配合,提高流动儿童免疫接种率。
Objective To understand the situation of vaccination for migrant children in Urumqi and to find out the relevant factors that influence the vaccination rate of migrant children so as to provide relevant evidences for immunization of migrant children. Methods Six investigation points were randomly selected from the floating population centers in the municipal districts. Each investigation point was randomly selected to investigate 60 migrant children aged from 1 to 5 years. The investigation was conducted using a unified questionnaire. The investigation included basic information of migrant children, Jianzheng and vaccination, parents of children, economic income, educational level and the reasons for children not Jianzheng. Results Among the target children surveyed, 341 children were eligible to pass the survey. The single vaccine vaccination rate for the migrating children was lower than that of the national single vaccine vaccine. The vaccination coverage rate was only 76.54%. There was statistically significant differences in the rate of establishing children from migrant children and family income, number of children in the family, ethnicity and geographical distribution, especially among ethnic groups (χ2 = 20.68, P <0.01) and regional distribution (χ2 = 29.06, P <0.01) Significantly, the rate of establishing certificates for ethnic minority children is much lower than that of Han children, and the rate of building certificates for migrant children in the province is much lower than that of migrant children from other provinces. Conclusion The immunization rate of migrant children in Urumqi is relatively low. Propaganda of migrant children’s immunization knowledge should be strengthened. Various publicity methods should be adopted to get relevant departments to cooperate and raise the immunization coverage of migrant children.