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在生活环境中存在着多种可能致癌的因素,如离子辐射、各种有害的化学物质等;但接触这些因素的人并不都罹患肿瘤。这说明个体对肿瘤有不同的易感性。尽管易感性在某些情况下也受环境因素(如营养状态等)的影响,但机体状况对环境致癌物的代谢转化能力(混合功能氧化酶,即P-450)、DNA修复酶系的功能、染色体结构的稳定性,免疫监护系统的完善与否等,均由遗传因素所决定。近年来着重研究环境因素对肿瘤发生的影响,如吸烟引起肺癌。但几乎所有的学者都承认用吸烟这个因素
In the living environment, there are many possible carcinogenic factors, such as ionizing radiation, various harmful chemicals, etc. However, none of the people exposed to these factors have tumors. This shows that individuals have different susceptibilities to tumors. Although susceptibility is also affected by environmental factors (eg, nutritional status, etc.) under certain conditions, the metabolic capacity of the organism for environmental carcinogens (mixed-function oxidase, P-450), the function of DNA repair enzymes , The stability of the chromosome structure, the improvement of immune monitoring system, etc., are determined by genetic factors. In recent years, focusing on environmental factors on the impact of cancer, such as smoking cause lung cancer. But almost all scholars have admitted smoking this factor