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植物功能性状之间的关系是其提高自身空间资源利用能力的一种生态策略,反映了植物与环境协同适应的表型可塑性机制。本文利用Arc GIS建立研究区域的数字高程模型(DEM),并提取样地坡向数据,采用标准化主轴估计(standardized major axis estimation,SMA)方法,研究了兰州市北山不同坡向人工林侧柏株高-冠幅和株高-胸径的异速生长关系。结果表明,侧柏胸径在各坡向上存在显著性差异(P<0.05),株高和冠幅在东坡和西坡之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);侧柏株高与冠幅的异速生长关系存在坡向差异,南坡冠幅的生长速率大于株高的生长速率,北坡冠幅的生长速率小于株高的生长速率,东坡和西坡株高、冠幅的生长速率相近;各坡向上侧柏胸径的生长速率均大于株高的生长速率,二者异速生长关系的坡向差异不明显(P>0.05)。侧柏冠幅、胸径与株高异速关系在各坡向上的不同表现,反映了异质性生境中植物主要构件的投资权衡机制。
The relationship between plant functional traits is an ecological strategy that enhances its ability to utilize resources in its own space and reflects the phenotypic plasticity mechanism in which plants and the environment co-adapt. In this paper, the digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area was established by using ArcGIS, and the slope data of the sample were extracted. Using the standardized major axis estimation (SMA) method, Height - crown width and plant height - DBH allometric relationship. The results showed that there was significant difference in DBH between each slope (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between plant height and crown width between the east slope and the west slope (P> 0.05) The differences of the allometric relationships between the two slopes showed that the growth rate of crown amplitude was higher than that of plant height, the growth rate of crown width was lower than that of plant height, the growth of plant height and crown of east slope and west slope (P> 0.05). The growth rate of DBH was higher than that of plant height in all slopes. There was no significant difference in allograft growth (P> 0.05). The relationship between the arborvitae crown, the DBH and the allograft speed at different slopes reflects the investment trade-off mechanism of plant main components in heterogeneous habitats.