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雷害是影响高速铁路安全稳定运行的关键因素之一,研究雷电先导作用下高速铁路周围电场的变化规律对于高速铁路雷击机理的阐明具有重要意义。文中结合先导法建立了高速铁路三维雷击仿真模型;通过调整导体携带电荷量、高度及侧面距离,来模拟不同雷电流幅值以及先导空间位置对高速铁路周围电场分布的影响;并对比分析了高架区段和路基区段高速铁路周围场强分布情况。研究发现,在雷电流幅值为数千安时,高速铁路周围仍有上行先导产生,因此认为在雷击计算中,雷电流较小情况仍需考虑上行先导;随着雷电流幅值、下行先导空间位置的变化,避雷线总是比其他导线更容易产生上行先导;高架区段接触网场强值约为路基区段的1.4倍,因此高速铁路雷电防护的防雷设计施工要求高架区段应高于路基区段。
Lightning damage is one of the key factors affecting the safe and stable operation of high-speed railway. It is of great significance to study the changing law of electric field around high-speed railway under the action of thunder and lightning pilot for clarifying the lightning strike mechanism of high-speed railway. In this paper, a three-dimensional lightning simulation model of high-speed railway is established by the pilot method. The effects of different lightning current amplitude and pilot space position on the electric field distribution around high-speed railway are simulated by adjusting the charge carrying capacity, height and lateral distance of the conductor. Field strength distribution around high-speed railway in sections and subgrade sections. The study found that when the lightning current amplitude is several thousands of amperes, there is still an upward leader around the high-speed railway. Therefore, it is considered that in the calculation of lightning strikes, the upward pilot still needs to be considered when the lightning current is small. With the magnitude of the lightning current, the downward leader Space location changes, the lightning conductor is always easier than the other leads up the uplink lead; overhead section contact network field strength value of about 1.4 times the subgrade section, lightning protection design and construction of high-speed railway requires overhead section should Higher than the subgrade section.