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[目的]了解手足口病流行特征,为制订预防控制措施提供科学依据。[方法]对周口市《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的2008～2009年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。[结果]2008～2009年共报告手足口病病例8042例,其中重症病例225例,死亡5例。2008年发病率为4.01/10万,2009年发病率为70.05/10万(P<0.01),重症和死亡病例均发生在2009年。周口市所属各县(市、区)均有发病,年均发病率,川汇区最高,项城市最低,分别为104.53/10万、12.61/10万(P<0.01);男性为49.35/10万,女性为24.83/10万(P<0.01);≤5岁为1144.74/10万,>5岁为1.23/10万(P<0.01)。3～6月合计发病6524例,其中重症211例,死亡5例,分别占发病、重症、死亡总数的81.12%、93.78%和4/5。全部病例中,散居儿童、幼托儿童、学生分别占88.59%、9.15%、1.95%。2年中88.00%的乡镇发病<100例。检测住院手足口病病例疱疹液191份,肠道病毒71型核酸阳性率为57.59%,柯萨奇病毒A16型核酸阳性率为3.14%,其他肠道病毒核酸阳性率为39.27%。[结论]2009年周口市手足口病疫情大幅度上升,出现重症和死亡病例,分离病原主要是肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇病毒A16型。
[Objective] To understand the epidemic characteristics of HFMD and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. [Method] The epidemic situation of HFMD in 2008 ~ 2009 reported by Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System in Zhoukou City was analyzed. [Results] A total of 8,042 HFMD cases were reported from 2008 to 2009, including 225 severe cases and 5 deaths. The incidence in 2008 was 4.01 / 100,000, with an incidence rate of 70.05 / 100,000 in 2009 (P <0.01). Both severe and fatal cases occurred in 2009. The average incidence of each county (city, district) in Zhoukou City was the highest, with the highest average annual incidence in Sichuan Province and the lowest in Xiangcheng City (104.53 / 100000, 12.61 / 100000, respectively; P = 0.01 for male) and 49.35 / 10 The number of females was 24.83 / 100 000 (P <0.01). The number of females was 1144.74 per 100 000 at age 5 years and 1.23 per 100,000 at 5 years (P <0.01). From June to June, a total of 6524 cases were found, of which 211 were severe and 5 died, accounting for 81.12%, 93.78% and 4/5 of the total number of deaths, severe cases and deaths respectively. In all cases, scattered children, childcare children and students accounted for 88.59%, 9.15% and 1.95% respectively. 88.00% of township in 2 years <100 cases. 191 cases of herpes simplex in hospitalized hand-foot-mouth disease were detected, the positive rate of enterovirus 71 was 57.59%, the positive rate of Coxsackie virus A16 was 3.14%, and the positive rate of other enterovirus nucleic acids was 39.27%. [Conclusion] The epidemic situation of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhoukou City increased dramatically in 2009 with serious and death cases. The pathogens isolated were mainly enterovirus 71 and coxsackie virus A16.