“三江并流”是我国目前面积最大的世界自然遗产地。近年来,世界自然遗产利用与保护的矛盾十分突出。特别是三江水能开发、矿产资源开发等问题,引起了学术界、政府及大众的强烈反响并引发了广泛的争论。结合近年来在该区域开展的大量研究工作,笔者在归纳“三江并流”的主要特征及人地冲突的主要表现的基础上,试图通过各种产业发展的条件与前景、对遗产保护的利弊等分析对比,进一步寻求协调三江并流世界自然遗产地人地冲突的产业协调途径。 “Three Parallel Rivers ” is China’s largest area of ​​world natural heritage. In recent years, the contradiction between the utilization and protection of the natural world heritage has been outstanding. Especially the Sanjiang water energy development, mineral resources development and other issues, has aroused strong repercussions of academia, government and the public and led to a wide range of controversies. Based on the summary of the main features of the “Three Parallel Rivers” and the main manifestations of the conflicts between people and land, the author tries to pass the conditions and prospects for the development of various industries to analyze the heritage protection The advantages and disadvantages analysis and comparison, and further seek to coordinate the Three Parallel Rivers World Natural Heritage place of industrial conflict path coordination.