本文概述了1860年以来俄国对黑龙江边疆地区的殖民化过程。黑龙江边疆殖民化的过程包括了地理探索、领土并吞、划定边界、制作地图等等。本文认为大自然总是影响划定边界的过程,因为河流从来不像一个固定的边疆那样固定。虽然声称划定了新的边界,但是俄国地方政府无力有效地保卫边界。在两个帝国存在期间,这条边界上一直有许多漏洞。 This article outlines the process by which Russia colonized Heilongjiang’s border areas since 1860. The process of colonization of Heilongjiang frontier includes geographical exploration, territory annexation, demarcation of borders, production of maps and more. This paper argues that nature always affects the process of demarcating borders, since rivers are never as fixed as a fixed frontier. Although claimed to have delimited a new border, the Russian local government can not effectively defend the border. There were many loopholes in this border during the existence of the two empires.