目的:通过细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)在前列腺癌(PC)、前列腺增生症(BPH)及正常前列腺中的表达,探讨ERK在BPH和PC形成过程中的作用。方法:采用免疫组织化学S-P法对32例BPH、12例PC、6例正常前列腺患者标本进行检测。结果:在BPH、PC的上皮细胞和基质细胞胞浆、胞核中均有着色,正常前列腺基质细胞胞浆、胞核均着色,上皮细胞无核着色。上皮细胞核染色中,3组差异有统计学意义(P≤0.05)。基质细胞核染色中,BPH与其他2组差异有统计学意义(P≤0.05),PC与正常前列腺比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:ERK可能是促进BPH和PC发生的主要信号传递途径,EBK在BPH和PC中的过度表达可能是几种生长因子过度表达的结果。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of ERK in the formation of BPH and PC through the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in prostate cancer (PC), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and normal prostate. Methods: 32 cases of BPH, 12 cases of PC, 6 cases of normal prostate specimens were detected by immunohistochemical S-P method. Results: In BPH and PC, the cytoplasm and nucleus of both epithelial cells and stroma cells were stained. The normal cytoplasm of prostate stromal cells were stained, the nuclei were stained, and the epithelial cells were stained with no nuclei. Epithelial cell nuclear staining, the three groups were statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference between BPH and other two groups (P≤0.05), PC and normal prostate (P> 0.05). Conclusion: ERK may be the main signal pathway to promote the development of BPH and PC. The overexpression of EBK in BPH and PC may be the result of several overexpression of growth factors.