微波电路各参数(阻抗、衰减、噪声特性和动力学特性)的现代基准器和标准器的准确度现状是:波导连接器不理想(存在反射、损耗、测量过程中传输系统需要重新连接时损耗的不重复性)对测量结果有很大影响。例如,连接器的不完善是限制小插入衰减 The accuracy of modern reference and standardizers for microwave circuit parameters (impedance, attenuation, noise characteristics and dynamics) is such that waveguide connectors are not ideal (reflection, loss, loss of transmission system during reconnection during measurement Of non-repeatability) have a significant impact on the measurement results. For example, the imperfection of connectors is to limit small insertion attenuation