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济南泉水断流的原因,一是上游南部山区泉水补给区水土流失严重,二是下游泉域内地下泉水资源过度开采。要恢复泉城特色,确保济南泉水长年喷涌,必须解决“上流失、下超采”的局面。通过用经济学方法对保泉问题进行制度分析,认为:必须采用政府手段,加强监管;采用市场手段,建立水权交易制度,促进用水效率的提高。
The reasons for the break-off of spring water in Jinan are the serious soil erosion in the spring water supply area in the mountainous area in the south of the upper reaches, and the over-exploitation of underground spring water resources in the downstream spring area. To restore the features of Quancheng and ensure that the springs of Jinan are spewing for years, we must solve the situation of “going to the upper levels and over-mining the next”. By using the economic method to carry out institutional analysis on the issue of Baoquan, it is concluded that government means must be adopted to strengthen supervision and control; the market means should be adopted to establish a system of trading of water rights to promote the improvement of water use efficiency.