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应用热启动ＲＴＰＣＲ 方法检测急性早幼粒细胞白血病（ＡＰＬ）ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍ ＲＮＡ，与传统“巢式”ＰＣＲ 比较，仅需１ 对引物而获１０－ ４ 的敏感性。对７ 例ＡＰＬ患者，分别在诊断时及缓解后进行ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍ ＲＮＡ的动态监测。这些患者分别接受如下治疗：２ 例仅给予全反式维甲酸（ＡＴＲＡ） 治疗；其余５ 例接受ＡＴＲＡ 联合化疗药物治疗。所有缓解后患者均进一步接受强化治疗。每月均对骨髓及外周血标本进行ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ 的检测，发现仅予ＡＴＲＡ 可获血液学缓解，但不能达到ＰＣＲ 缓解，骨髓及外周血仍存在ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ；而接受ＡＴＲＡ 联合化疗药物治疗获缓解后，骨髓及外周血ＰＣＲ 结果均阴性，显示了对恶性克隆的有效根除。２ 例患者ＰＣＲ 结果持续阳性，并在６ 个月后复发。ＰＣＲ方法不仅可评价化疗效果，指导临床用药，更可以预测复发。
The use of hot-start RT-PCR method to detect acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) PML RARαm RNA, compared with the traditional “nested” PCR, only 1 pair of primers and get 10 - 4 sensitivity. The dynamic monitoring of PML-RARαm RNA was performed during diagnosis and after remission in 7 patients with APL. These patients received the following treatments: 2 patients were treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) alone; the other 5 patients received ATRA combined with chemotherapeutic drugs. All patients after remission were further treated with intensive treatment. The detection of PMLRARα mRNA in bone marrow and peripheral blood samples was performed monthly. It was found that only ATRA could achieve hematological remission, but could not achieve PCR remission, and PMLRARα mRNA still existed in bone marrow and peripheral blood; and received ATRA combined with chemotherapy drug treatment. After remission, both bone marrow and peripheral blood PCR results were negative, demonstrating effective eradication of malignant clones. In 2 patients, the PCR results were consistently positive and relapsed after 6 months. The PCR method can not only evaluate the effect of chemotherapy, guide the clinical use of drugs, but also predict recurrence.