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目的了解不同出生体重的婴儿0~12月龄生长速率情况,探讨出生体重与婴儿期生长速率的关系。方法选择2010年1月-2013年12月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心儿童保健门诊体检的1780名婴儿为研究对象,根据1岁时体重、身长Z评分与出生时Z评分之差(ΔZ)的大小,将生长速率分为减速生长(ΔZ<-0.67)、适宜生长(-0.67≤ΔZ≤0.67)和快速生长(ΔZ>0.67);并利用Pearson相关分析出生体重与生长速率之间的关系。结果小于胎龄儿在婴儿期体重增长(ΔZ评分为1.15±0.80)、身长增长(ΔZ评分为0.54±0.82)速度最快,其次为适于胎龄儿,大于胎龄儿在婴儿期生长速度相对较慢。小于胎龄儿、适于胎龄儿与大于胎龄儿婴儿期体重出现快速生长的比例分别为63.2%、25.4%和5.0%,身长出现快速生长的比例分别为37.7%、17.9%与8.9%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01);出生体重与婴儿期体重生长速率之间的关系呈显著的负相关(r=-0.610,P<0.01)。结论出生体重与婴儿期的生长速率相关,小于胎龄儿婴儿期易出现快速生长,提示应重视小于胎龄儿的生长发育监测和管理。
Objective To understand the growth rates of 0-12 months old infants with different birth weights and to explore the relationship between birth weight and infancy growth rate. Methods A total of 1780 babies from January 2010 to December 2013 in the Children’s Health Care Clinic of Guangzhou Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were enrolled in this study. According to the differences in body weight, Z score at birth and Z score at birth (ΔZ) The growth rate was divided into slow growth (ΔZ <-0.67), proper growth (-0.67≤ΔZ≤0.67) and rapid growth (ΔZ> 0.67). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between birth weight and growth rate. Results The weight gain of infants younger than gestational age (ΔZ score 1.15 ± 0.80) and length of growth (ΔZ score 0.54 ± 0.82) were the fastest, followed by that of infants with gestational age greater than gestational age at infancy Relatively slow. The rates of rapid growth of infants younger than gestational age, infants born to infants of more than gestational age and those of infants born more than gestational age were 63.2%, 25.4% and 5.0%, respectively, and the proportions of fast growing body were 37.7%, 17.9% and 8.9% (P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between birth weight and infancy weight growth rate (r = -0.610, P <0.01). Conclusion The birth weight is related to the growth rate in infancy. The infants born less than gestational age tend to grow rapidly, suggesting that the monitoring and management of growth and development of infants younger than gestational age should be emphasized.