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为实现钢板对接焊缝存在不同类型缺陷的识别研究,针对铁磁性焊缝的特点,探讨应用漏磁法检测钢板对接焊缝不同类型缺陷。根据漏磁检测(MFL)原理,采用有限元方法(FEM),分别建立钢板对接焊缝中可能存在的裂纹、气孔、未熔合和未焊透等缺陷的三维FEM模型。研究钢板对接焊缝包含以上不同类型缺陷时所产生的漏磁场分布特征,得到漏磁场磁感应强度水平分量和垂直分量相关对比分析曲线。仿真结果表明:漏磁法适用于钢板对接焊缝缺陷的识别研究;根据漏磁场磁感应强度分量的曲线特征,能够实现对焊缝缺陷的分类。
In order to realize the identification of different types of defects in butt welds, aiming at the characteristics of ferromagnetic welds, the different types of flaws in butt welds of steel plates are investigated by using magnetic flux leakage method. According to MFL principle, finite element method (FEM) is used to establish the three-dimensional FEM model of possible defects such as cracks, pores, unfused and incomplete penetration in steel butt welds. The distribution characteristics of the leakage magnetic field generated when the steel butt weld contains the above types of defects are studied, and the comparative analysis curves of the horizontal component and the vertical component of the magnetic flux leakage magnetic field are obtained. The simulation results show that the magnetic flux leakage method is suitable for the identification of steel butt weld defects. According to the curve characteristics of the magnetic flux density component of the leakage magnetic field, the classification of weld defects can be achieved.