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国家标准是一个国家一个行业内所有企业都必须遵循的规范,其产生和推广对一国经济影响巨大,因此备受产业界关注。经过多年研究与论证,巴西最终选取了以日本标准为原型加以改进的ISDB-Tb作为本国、的数字电视标准,并引发了ISDB-Tb在拉丁美洲扩张的浪潮。巴西制定数字电视标准的过程,是本国各利益方以及世界3大标准巨头在巴西利益博弈的结果。相关国家的政府部门在其中充当了重要的角色。本文从剖析巴西数字电视标准形成的过程入手,重点探讨了政府在制定和推广国家标准的过程中应充当的角色,提出了标准发展过程中政府的4种角色假说。
National standards are the norm that all enterprises in a country and a country must follow. The emergence and promotion of national standards have a huge impact on the economy of a country, and have drawn much attention from the industry. After years of research and argumentation, Brazil finally selected ISDB-Tb, which was improved by using Japanese standards as the national digital television standard, and triggered a wave of ISDB-Tb expansion in Latin America. The process of developing digital television standards in Brazil is the result of the game of interests among the various stakeholders in the country and the three largest standards giants in the world. The government departments in the relevant countries play an important role. This paper begins with the analysis of the formation of digital TV standards in Brazil, and focuses on the role that the government should play in formulating and popularizing national standards. It proposes four role hypotheses of the government in the standard development process.