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本文利用我国东、中、西部12个省份的城镇和农村3970名55岁以上老年人微观调查数据,首次考察了在城乡分割和区域发展差异背景下老年人群体收入与幸福感的关系。研究结果表明:绝对收入水平对主观幸福感有显著的正向影响,但是在经济发达的东部地区不显著;绝对收入对幸福感的影响不仅具有直接效应,而且还通过健康和娱乐等途径产生间接效应;除了城镇地区,相对收入对老年人主观幸福感的作用都显著;不同收入阶层老年人的幸福感存在显著的差异,且中西部和农村地区老年人从“不幸福”到“幸福”的收入转折点低于东部和城镇地区。因此,增加收入有利于提高我国老年人的幸福感水平,且应当切实提高农村和中西部地区老年人的收入保障水平。
Based on the data of 3,970 elderly over 55 years of age in urban and rural areas in 12 provinces of eastern, central and western China, this study examines, for the first time, the relationship between income and happiness of the elderly under the background of urban-rural gap and regional development. The results show that absolute income has a significant positive impact on subjective well-being, but not significant in the economically developed eastern region. The impact of absolute income on well-being has not only direct effects, but also indirectly through health and recreation Effect on the subjective well-being of the elderly except relative to urban areas; there is a significant difference in the sense of well-being between the elders of different income groups, and the elderly in the central and western regions and rural areas from “unhappy” to “ Happiness ”turning point lower than the eastern and urban areas. Therefore, increasing income is conducive to raising the level of well-being of the elderly in our country and should earnestly raise the level of income security for the elderly in rural areas and in the central and western regions.