人类认识自然、依靠科学改造自然的最显著成果之一,就是死亡率下降,寿命延长。18世纪末,英国乡村医生琴纳发明牛痘预防天花;19世纪末以后,德国科学家贝林发明了血清疗法治疗白喉,法国微生物学家巴斯德发明减毒菌苗免疫疗法,德国细菌学家埃利希创立了诊断和治疗传染病的“侧链学 One of the most remarkable achievements of mankind in understanding nature and relying on science to transform nature is the reduction of mortality and the extension of life expectancy. The late 18th century, the British village of Jenner invented vaccinia smallpox; the late 19th century, the German scientist Behring invented the serum treatment of diphtheria, the French microbiologist Pasteur invented attenuated vaccine immunotherapy, German bacteriologist Ehrlich Founded the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases "side chain