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以两颗航天器间相对位置参数测量为研究对象,确定了基于单目计算机视觉及目标特征的测量方案,提出了基于超分辩率图像重构技术的航天器间相对位置的高精度测量方法。分析讨论了图像传感器的观察模型、图像传感器及光学测量系统的点扩散函数、配准方法、重构原理及方法。利用地面试验验证了该方法的正确性。试验结果表明:该方法与基于单帧图像及目标特征的方法、基于插值的方法相比较,在测量精度及稳定性等方面都有了较大的提高;与基于单帧图像及目标特征的方法相结合,不仅可以保证在不同作用距离上相对位置的高精度测量,而且具有较高的测量稳定性和可靠性。
Taking the measurement of the relative position between the two spacecraft as the research object, the measurement scheme based on monocular computer vision and target features was determined, and a high precision measurement method of relative position between spacecraft based on super-resolution image reconstruction technology was proposed. The observation model of image sensor, the point spread function of image sensor and optical measurement system, the registration method, the reconstruction principle and method are analyzed and discussed. The ground test verified the correctness of the method. The experimental results show that compared with the method based on single frame image and target feature, the proposed method has better performance in measurement accuracy and stability compared with interpolation based method. Compared with the method based on single frame image and target feature The combination not only guarantees the high-precision measurement of the relative positions at different working distances, but also has higher measurement stability and reliability.