few, a few & quite a few辨析

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  few, a few, quite a few三者都用来修饰可数名词,但意义不同。
  few意为“几乎没有”,带有否定含义。
  He is lonely and has few friends here. 他很孤独,在这儿几乎没有朋友。
  Very few students learn Latin now. 现在学拉丁语的学生少得很。
  a few意为“有几个”,带有肯定意义。
  A few of the men wore hats. 这些男人中有几个戴着帽子。
  In a few words she had put him in his place. 她简单几句话就杀了他的威风。
  quite a few意为“许多”,相当于many。
  I have quite a few good friends. I often visit them. 我有相当多的好朋友,我经常拜访他们。
  Quite a few of our sale staff are women. 我们相当多的销售人员是女士。
  【拓展】
  little, a little辨析
  little和a little都修饰不可数名词,little与a little的区别跟few与a few的区别相似。
  little表示否定意义,表示数量“很少;几乎没有”,强调“少”。
  I have little interest in drawing. 我对画画没什么兴趣。
  a little表示肯定意义,表示量虽不多,但毕竟还是有一点,强调“有”。
  The room attendant speaks a little English. 客房服务员会讲一点英语。
  与few和a few不同的是,few和a few后面总是要接可数名词的复数形式,而little和a little后面只能接不可数名词。
  Few people like such things. 没什么人喜欢那样的东西。
  A few people like such things. 有少數人喜欢那样的东西。
  He knows little English. 他几乎不懂英语。
  He knows a little English. 他懂一点英语。
  【典型题例】
  Although hes wealthy, he spends ____ on clothes.
  A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
  【答案】 A
  【解析】 spend所指的是钱,不可数,只能用little或 a little。本句为although引导的让步状语从句,由句意知后句为否定含义,因此应用little表示“很少的(钱)”。
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