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[目的]探讨热带地区腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的发病率、致病菌谱和季节变化规律,为热带地区PD相关性腹膜炎的临床防治提供依据。[方法]回顾性分析2005年1月~2009年12月我院237例腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎患者的临床资料,结合本地区当时气候温度进行统计学分析。[结果]腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎在第一季度和第四季度的平均发病率为36.29%和35.02%,明显高于其他两季,而第三季度的发病率(7.17%)为全年最低。各季度致病菌谱分布没有统计学差异,致病菌中革兰阳性菌比率均大于50%,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主,革兰阴性菌以大肠埃希菌为主。腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的发病率与月平均温度、湿度和降雨量无明显关系。[结论]环境因素只是热带地区PD相关性腹膜炎众多病因中的一小部分因素。
[Objective] To investigate the incidence, pathogenic bacteria spectrum and seasonal variation of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in the tropical areas and provide evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of PD-related peritonitis in tropical areas. [Methods] The clinical data of 237 patients with peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in our hospital from January 2005 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was made on the prevailing climatic temperature in this area. [Results] The average incidence of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in the first quarter and the fourth quarter was 36.29% and 35.02%, significantly higher than the other two quarters, while the incidence in the third quarter (7.17%) was the lowest throughout the year. There was no significant difference in the distribution of pathogenic bacteria among the four seasons. Gram-positive bacteria were more than 50% in pathogenic bacteria, mainly coagulase-negative staphylococci, and gram-negative bacteria mainly in Escherichia coli. Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis incidence and monthly average temperature, humidity and rainfall no significant relationship. [Conclusion] Environmental factors are only a few of the many causes of PD-related peritonitis in tropical areas.