儿童在使用趋向动词“上”、“下”及形成对垂直方位的心理表征能力的基础上开始掌握“上”、“下”类方位词。本文考察了儿童使用“上”、“下”类方位词的情况 ,从句法、语义方面描述了其发展过程 ,并讨论了儿童习得“上”、“下”类方位词的机制和特点。 Children begin to grasp “upper” and “lower” locative terms based on the tendency verbs of “up”, “down” and their ability to form a psychological representation of a vertical orientation. This article examines children’s use of “up” and “down” locative words, describes their development in terms of syntax and semantics, and discusses the mechanism and characteristics of children acquiring “up” and “down” locative terms.