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一、细胞、染色体和基因一般把亲代和子代之间某些性状的相似叫作遗传。但是,上、下代之间,并没有传递什么现成的性状,传递的只是与该性状有关的遗传信息。下代按这些遗传信息在一定环境条件中发育,才形成相应的性状。这里,存在着遗传信息的传递和表达两个过程。机体是由受精卵开始发育,经过细胞分裂、分化等过程,形成与亲代相似的新个体。因此,遗传信息必然蕴藏于细胞中。遗传信息的传递和表达,从本质上
1. Cells, chromosomes, and genes generally call the inheritance of certain traits between the parental and offspring. However, between the upper and lower generations, no ready-made traits were transmitted, and only the genetic information related to the traits was transmitted. The next generation will develop corresponding traits as these genetic information develop in certain environmental conditions. Here, there are two processes of transmission and expression of genetic information. The body begins to develop from the fertilized egg and undergoes processes such as cell division and differentiation to form a new individual similar to the parent. Therefore, genetic information must be contained in cells. The transmission and expression of genetic information is essentially