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目的探讨采用改良线栓法建立家兔局灶性脑缺血模型。方法采用随机数字表法,造模前将45只健康清洁级成年新西兰家兔分为假手术组(5只)及模型组(40只),用自制头端蘸有石蜡的2-0钓鱼线作为线栓,由颈外动脉残端剪口,经颈内动脉置入颅内,堵塞大脑中动脉起始部,6 h后进行神经功能评分,神经功能缺损评分≥2分视为造模成功。麻醉处死家兔,用2%2,3,5-三苯基氯化四唑溶液对脑片进行染色,观察梗死灶情况。对模型组中造模成功、失败及死亡的实验兔进行线栓头端直径、线栓置入深度的比较。结果模型组40只,其中死亡6只,包括术后4 h内死于蛛网膜下腔出血4只、因麻醉意外死亡2只,死亡率为15.0%;失败7只,主要为脑血管痉挛及线栓置入深度不足;造模成功27只,成功率67.5%。假手术组全部存活。造模成功家兔的线栓头端直径、置入深度分别与死亡及失败结局家兔比较,差异均有统计学意义[直径(mm):(0.52±0.14)比(0.45±0.40)和(0.58±0.17);深度(cm):(5.49±0.17)比(6.04±0.11)和(4.26±0.30);均P<0.05]。结论改良线栓法可成功制备家兔大脑中动脉局灶性脑缺血模型,操作简便,且可重复。
Objective To investigate the model of focal cerebral ischemia in rabbits by modified suture method. Methods A total of 45 healthy New Zealand New Zealand rabbits were divided into sham-operation group (n = 5) and model group (n = 40) by random number table method. As a thread plug, the stump was excised from the stump of the external carotid artery and inserted into the cranial cavity via the internal carotid artery to block the initial part of the middle cerebral artery. After 6 hours, the neurological function score and the neurological deficit score ≥2 were regarded as success . The rabbits were sacrificed by anesthesia, the brain slices were stained with 2% 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride solution, and the infarct size was observed. The model group, the success of the model, the failure and death of rabbits for the first line of the diameter of the thread plug, thread placement depth comparison. Results The model group of 40, of which 6 died, including 4 died within 4 h after subarachnoid hemorrhage 4, died of anesthetic accident 2, the mortality rate was 15.0%; failed 7, mainly for cerebral vasospasm and Thread implants into the depth of inadequate; modeling success 27, the success rate of 67.5%. Sham-operated group all survived. The diameters of the end of the thread of the successful model rabbits and the implantation depth of the rabbits were respectively compared with those of the dead and the unsuccessful rabbits ([(0.52 ± 0.14) vs (0.45 ± 0.40) and ( 0.58 ± 0.17); depth (cm) :( 5.49 ± 0.17) vs (6.04 ± 0.11) and (4.26 ± 0.30) respectively; all P <0.05]. Conclusion Improved suture method can be successfully prepared in rabbit middle cerebral artery focal cerebral ischemia model, easy to operate, and can be repeated.