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外敷法是将药物捣烂或研末,加入水、醋或其他赋形剂调匀后涂敷于体表,使药物性能从皮肤或循经络传导而发挥治疗作用的一种治疗方法。小儿由于脏腑娇嫩,肌肤薄弱,对药物反应比成人明显,故采用外敷法后,药物的性能较易发挥作用。又因小儿服药困难,故古代医家对外敷法颇为重视。如清代陈复正存《幼幼集成》里即记载了多种外治疗法。吴尚先《理瀹骈文》、李时珍《本草纲目》、赵学敏《串雅外编》中亦均载有不少外敷疗法,其中有相当部分可移用于治
The external application method is a treatment method in which the drug is eroded or powdered, water, vinegar, or other excipients are added and uniformly applied to the body surface so that the drug properties can be transmitted from the skin or through the meridians. Because of the delicate organs and delicate skin, the children’s reaction to drugs is more obvious than that of adults. Therefore, after the external application method is used, the performance of the drugs is easier to exert. Because of the difficulty in taking medicines for children, ancient doctors attach great importance to external methods. For example, in the Qing Dynasty, Chen Fuzheng’s “Integrated Childhood” recorded a variety of external therapies. Wu Shangxian’s Li Shuwen, Li Shizhen’s “Compendium of Materia Medica” and Zhao Xuemin’s “Shuangya External Editing” also contain many external treatments. A considerable portion of them can be used to treat diseases.