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通过５个杂交组合后代群体表现，分析了不同遗传背景下早熟性、丰产性、纤维品质性状的基因效应．结果表明，不同遗传背景下加性效应是最基本的。霜前皮棉产量、皮棉总产量的杂种优势主要是由显性或上位性效应引起的。纤维品质性状多受加性效应控制。纤维长度、单纤维强力性状除加性效应外，还受显性和上位性效应影响。在早熟丰产优质诸性状的同步改良中，宜选择霜前皮棉产量高、品质较好的品种为基础亲本，另一亲本应具备单纤维强力突出，但不过于晚熟的特点。
The genetic effects of early maturity, high yield and fiber quality traits in different genetic backgrounds were analyzed by the performance of 5 cross combinations. The results show that additive effects are the most basic in different genetic backgrounds. The heterosis of lint yield and lint yield before frost is mainly caused by dominant or epistatic effect. Fiber quality traits are mostly controlled by additive effects. In addition to the additive effect, the fiber length and monofiber strength are also affected by the dominant and epistatic effects. In the simultaneous improvement of all the traits of early maturity and high quality, it is better to choose the varieties with higher yield and better quality before the frost as the basic parents, while the other parents should have the outstanding feature of single fiber but not too late maturity.