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目的:对中药炉甘石进行全面成分分析,为炉甘石的质量控制提供依据。方法:采用偏光显微镜与电子探针对炉甘石的显微形貌和微区成分进行了定性、定量分析;采用等离子质谱法对炉甘石中42种元素进行了测定;采用药典法对炉甘石样品的主成分-氧化锌含量进行了测定。结果:炉甘石样品微区分析显示炉甘石质地疏松,由多种矿物颗粒散在共生,其主要矿物组成为水锌矿,其他尚可见菱锌矿、氧化锌、白云石、方解石等;市售炉甘石伪品泛滥;天然炉甘石样品中铅含量较高。结论:来源于天然矿物的炉甘石是多种矿物的共生集合体;市售炉甘石质量问题较多,应建立炉甘石药材的快速鉴别方法,炉甘石中有害元素控制限量标准,就解决炉甘石药材中有害元素超标的问题进行更深入的研究。
Objective: To analyze the comprehensive composition of Chinese calamine and provide the basis for the quality control of calamine. Methods: The microstructures and micro-components of calamine were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by polarized light microscope and electron probe. The 42 elements of calamine were determined by plasma mass spectrometry. The main component of the chamotte sample, zinc oxide, was determined. Results: The microscopic analysis of calamine samples showed that calamine was loose in texture and dispersed by a variety of mineral particles. Its main mineral composition was water zinc and zinc oxide, dolomite and calcite; The sale of calamine false counterfeit goods; natural calamine samples higher in the lead content. Conclusion: Calamine from natural minerals is a symbiotic assemblage of many minerals. There are many quality problems of calamine in the market. A rapid identification method of calamine medicinal materials should be established, and the limit of harmful elements in calamine should be controlled. To solve the problem of excessive content of harmful elements in calamine herbs to conduct a more in-depth study.