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本文研究了α-十二碳烯与溴化氢的加成反应,考察了水及芳烃对反马尔柯夫尼柯夫加成的影响以及温度、转化率对反应选择性的影响。研究结果表明,水对反应无影响;芳烃对反应有抑制作用,但可用较多的空气引发剂抵消。当温度低于40℃时,温度、转化率对选择性无明显影响;高于40℃时,1位溴代烷的选择性随温度、转化率的升高而降低。纯α-十二碳烯与气体溴化氢在紫外光或极少量的空气引发下,在室温下反应10min,甚至更短的时间,α-十二碳烯几乎完全转化成溴代十二烷,1位溴代烷的选择性可达90％以上。
In this paper, the addition reaction of α-dodecene with hydrogen bromide was studied. The effects of water and aromatics on the addition of anti-Markovnikov and the influence of temperature and conversion on the reaction selectivity were investigated. The results show that water has no effect on the reaction; aromatic hydrocarbons have an inhibitory effect on the reaction but can be offset by more air initiators. When the temperature is lower than 40 ℃, the temperature and the conversion have no obvious effect on the selectivity. When the temperature is above 40 ℃, the selectivity of 1-bromo-alkane decreases with the increase of temperature and conversion. Pure alpha-dodecene reacted with gaseous hydrogen bromide in the presence of ultra-violet light or very small amounts of air at room temperature for 10 min. Even shorter times, α-dodecene was almost completely converted to bromododecane , 1-bromo alkyl selectivity of up to 90%.