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兴趣是影响儿童学习的重要因素,依据其指向的不同,可以划分为感官兴趣、内在兴趣和中间兴趣三种,这三者共同构成了兴趣连续体。其中,感官兴趣具有被动性和依赖性,存在“毒瘾反应模式”,容易使儿童出现“兴趣疲劳现象”,为外部奖赏提供了存在的基础与依据;内在兴趣具有主动性,最终消解了外部奖赏存在的基础;中间兴趣是一种复合型兴趣,具有动态变化性。教师应根据儿童兴趣结构的具体特点,采取相应措施,以促进儿童兴趣结构的积极变化。
Interest is an important factor that affects children’s learning. According to their different points of orientation, they can be divided into three categories: sensory interest, intrinsic interest and intermediate interest, all of which constitute the continuum of interest. Among them, sensory interest is passive and dependent, and there is a “drug addiction reaction mode”, which makes it easy for children to appear “tired phenomenon of interest” and provides the foundation and basis for the existence of external rewards; the intrinsic interest is initiative and finally eliminates the external The basis for the existence of rewards; intermediate interest is a compound interest, with dynamic variability. Teachers should take appropriate measures according to the specific characteristics of children’s interest structure so as to promote positive changes in children’s interest structure.