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目的 了解综合医院急诊内科中自杀患者的动态变化。方法 使用自编调查表分别于1994年 (1994年组 )和 1999年 (1999年组 )对一所综合医院急诊内科收治的自杀患者进行调查 ,内容包括一般人口学资料、自杀的原因、方法和转归 ;并比较两次调查的结果。结果 1994年组和 1999年组分别收治自杀患者 2 47例和 372例 ,分别占总就诊人数的 1 89%和 2 41% (P >0 0 5 )。年龄为 15～ 2 5岁者 1999年组 (38 2 % )高于 1994年组 (2 2 7% ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。 1994年组和 1999年组 (以下按此顺序叙述 )均为女性多于男性 (男∶女分别为 1∶5 3和 1∶3 1) ,未婚者多 (分别为 6 0 3%和5 5 9% )及教育水平低者多 (分别为 6 1 1%和 5 8 3% )。自杀方式均以服毒自杀为主 (分别为 96 0 %和94 7% ) ,其中 1994年组以服农药者多 (5 4 3% ) ,1999年组以服镇静安眠药者多 (5 1 1% )。家庭纠纷、恋爱婚姻和人际关系问题是导致自杀的主要原因。结论 自杀患者已成为急诊内科就诊患者中的重要组成部分 ,5年间自杀患者的构成发生了一定的变化
Objective To understand the dynamic changes of suicide patients in general hospital emergency department. Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate suicide patients admitted to a general hospital emergency department in 1994 (group 1994) and 1999 (group 1999), respectively. The data included general demographic data, causes of suicide, methods and Outcome; and compare the results of the two surveys. Results In 1994 and 1999, 247 and 372 suicide patients were admitted, accounting for 89% and 241% of the total number of visits, respectively (P 0 05). The age ranged from 15 to 25 years old in 1999 (38 2%) than in 1994 (22.7%), the difference was significant (P <0.05). There were more women than men (men and women: 1: 53 and 1: 31, respectively) and unmarried women (63.0% and 55% respectively, both in 1994 and 1999) 9%) and those with the lowest levels of education (61.1% and 58.3% respectively). Suicide methods were dominated by poisoning and suicide (96.0% and 94.7% respectively), with more serving peasants in 1994 (54.3%) and those taking sedatives and sleeping pills in 1999 (51.1% ). Family disputes, love and marriage and interpersonal problems are the main causes of suicide. Conclusion Suicide patients have become an important part of emergency medical treatment of patients, 5 years the composition of suicide patients have undergone some changes