干细胞是一种具有多分化潜能和自我复制功能的早期未分化细胞,它能在人体内分化成任何细胞类型。具有高度的自我更新能力和多向分化潜能,已成为组织工程中首选的种子细胞[1]。早在1867年,德国病理学家Cohnheim通过实验推测骨髓内存在有非造血功能的干细胞,但直到20世纪60年代末 Stem cells are early undifferentiated cells that have pluripotency and self-replication capabilities that differentiate into any cell type in the human body. With a high degree of self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential, has become the preferred seed cells in tissue engineering [1]. As early as 1867, Cohnheim, a German pathologist, speculated that there were non-hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, but until the late 1960s