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目的分析6~36月龄基层社区儿童贫血的状况,并对其相关影响因素进行调查分析。方法选取2013年6月-2015年5月于广东省深圳市盐田区第二人民医院体检中心进行体检的6~36月儿童500例作为研究对象。检测血常规,分析儿童的贫血率、男女童之间的贫血率差异,以及不同年龄儿童贫血率差异,并对儿童贫血的相关影响因素进行调查分析。结果 500例儿童中共有124例出现贫血状况,贫血发生率为24.80%。124例贫血儿童中轻、中、重度以及极重度贫血发生率分别为16.80%、8.00%、0.00%、0.00%。男性儿童的贫血率显著高于女性儿童(χ~2=2.057,P=0.049)。相比其他年龄组的儿童,6~12月龄儿童贫血发生率较高(χ~2=4.469,P=0.024)。Logistic回归分析表明,添加辅食时间、半年内喂养方式、父母文化程度、母亲是否贫血、饮食习惯(包括不良饮食习惯等)、是否经常吃蛋黄、出生体重、经济条件为6~36月龄基层社区儿童贫血的相关影响因素。结论该社区6~36月龄儿童贫血率较高,提高儿童家长育儿知识,指导家长合理喂养为今后改善儿童贫血的发展方向。
Objective To analyze the status of children’s anemia in 6 ~ 36-month-old grass-roots community and investigate the related factors. Methods From June 2013 to May 2015, 500 children aged from 6 to 36 months who underwent physical examination in the Second People’s Hospital of Yantian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province were selected as the research object. Blood tests were performed to analyze anemia rates in children, differences in anemia among boys and girls, and differences in anemia among children of different ages, and to investigate and analyze the related factors affecting children’s anemia. Results A total of 124 cases of 500 children showed anemia, the incidence of anemia was 24.80%. The incidences of mild, moderate, severe and very severe anemia in 124 anemic children were 16.80%, 8.00%, 0.00% and 0.00% respectively. The anemia rate in male children was significantly higher than that in female children (χ ~ 2 = 2.057, P = 0.049). Children aged 6-12 months had a higher incidence of anemia compared with children of other age groups (χ ~ 2 = 4.469, P = 0.024). Logistic regression analysis showed that the time of adding complementary food, the mode of feeding within 6 months, the educational level of parents, whether the mother is anemic, dietary habits (including poor eating habits, etc.), whether eating egg yolk regularly and birth weight, the economic conditions are 6 ~ 36 months old grassroots community Related factors of child anemia. Conclusion The anemia rate of children aged 6 ~ 36 months in this community is high, raising parents’ parenting knowledge and guiding parents to rationally feeding for the future development of children’s anemia.