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航空发动机推重比不断增大、涡轮进口温度不断提高,对优质镍基高温合金热端零部件的综合性能提出了更高的要求。合金材料的质量取决于化学组成和铸态组织结构,这就要求高温合金生产必须首先严格控制合金成分和降低有害元素的质量分数。实际生产中,残留在镍基高温合金中的有害杂质铅、锡、砷、锑、铋、硒以及氧、氮、硫等采用一般精炼技术很难去除,合金材料的洁净度很大程度上取决于原材料的洁净度。随着中国高温合金生产企业设备和工艺水平的提高,原材料的有害杂质质量分数已成为限制优质高温合金稳定生产的瓶颈。基于对原材料中有害元素来源的分析,提出从矿源选择、原料金属提取和精炼、废旧合金的净化利用及炉料入炉前的处理等途径对原材料质量进行综合控制。
Aeroengine thrust-to-weight ratio continues to increase, the turbine inlet temperature continues to improve, high-quality nickel-based superalloy hot end components of the overall performance put forward higher requirements. The quality of the alloy material depends on the chemical composition and the as-cast structure, which requires the production of high-temperature alloys must first strictly control the alloy composition and reduce the mass fraction of harmful elements. In actual production, the harmful impurities such as lead, tin, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur remaining in the nickel-base superalloy are difficult to remove by the general refining technology. The cleanliness of the alloy material largely depends on Cleanliness of raw materials. As China’s high-temperature alloy manufacturing equipment and technology to improve the level of raw materials, the quality of harmful impurities has become a limit quality control of high-temperature alloy production bottleneck. Based on the analysis of the sources of the harmful elements in the raw materials, this paper proposed the comprehensive control of the quality of the raw materials from the aspects of the source selection, extraction and refining of the raw material metals, the purification and utilization of the waste alloy, and the treatment before the charging into the furnace.