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对铜陵市凤凰山铜尾矿复垦地禾本科(矛叶荩草AL、白茅IC)和豆科(野豌豆GS)等3类典型植物群丛及外围对照禾本科(毛马唐)植物群丛下的土壤线虫群落进行调查.共分离得到1277条土壤线虫,隶属于51属,平均密度590条·100 g-1干土.采用多样性指数和土壤食物网结构指数等分析铜尾矿复垦地土壤线虫群落的分布特征.结果表明:铜尾矿复垦地3类植物群丛下土壤线虫群落的类群总数和Shannon多样性指数明显小于毛马唐对照组.对比铜尾矿复垦地和邻近自然栖息地不同植物群丛下的土壤线虫群落生态指数,发现野豌豆群丛下土壤食物网结构较成熟,土壤有机质分解以细菌分解通道为主;生态系统较不稳定,低度干扰;表明该豆科植物群丛下的土壤食物网具有较大的发展潜力,从而提高铜尾矿复垦地的生态稳定性.白茅与矛叶荩草群丛下土壤食物网处于结构化状态,土壤有机质分解以真菌分解通道为主;生态系统较稳定,无干扰;表明禾本科植物群丛下的土壤食物网处于较低层次的发展状态.
The results showed that there are three typical plant communities and the peripheral control gramineous (Mao-ma-tang) flora of the reclamation sites of the Fenghuangshan copper mine tailings in Tongling City 1277 soil nematodes were isolated, belonging to 51 genera, with an average density of 590 × 100 g -1 dry soil.The diversity index and soil food web structure index were used to analyze the copper tailings complex The distribution characteristics of soil nematode community in the reclaimed land were studied.The results showed that the total number of taxa and Shannon’s diversity index of soil nematode community in the three types of copper mine reclamation land were significantly smaller than that of the control group And the ecological index of soil nematode community under different plant communities adjacent to natural habitats. It was found that the structure of soil food web was more mature under soil pea communities, and the soil organic matter decomposition was dominated by bacterial decomposing channels; the ecosystem was less stable and had less disturbance; The results indicated that the soil food web under this cluster of legumes had great potential for development and thus enhanced the ecological stability of reclaimed copper mine tailings. Organic matter decomposition Fungi break down the main channel; ecosystem more stable, without interference; indicating that the soil food web in the grasses associations at a low level of development of the state.