八股文,是明清科举考试所规定采取的一种专门文体。就其应用而言,它是当时士子应制考试之作,可称之为“制义”或“制艺”;就其命题范围和性质而言,它以儒家经书为题,要求阐释以“四书”为主的经文义理,可称之为“经义”或“四书文”。另外,将其与唐宋以来的“古文”相对而言,称之为时文与时艺,表示是时下流行的一种文体。而八股文,则是就其文体结构特点而言的俗称。《明史·选举志》云:“其文略仿宋经义,然代古人语气为之,体用排偶,谓之八股,通谓之经义。”由此可知,股,即对偶、排比文字,共八条对偶长句,故称之“八股 Eight shares, is the Ming and Qing imperial examinations to take a special style. In terms of its application, it is a test of the time the scholar should take the examination, which can be called “system of justice” or “art.” In its proposition range and nature, it takes the Confucian classics as the title, The “four books” based on the scriptures, can be referred to as “Jing” or “four books.” In addition, compared with the “Ancient Chinese” since the Tang and Song Dynasties, it is called as a kind of style and current art. The eight-part essay, is the general term for its stylistic features. “History of the Ming and Qing Election” cloud: “The text slightly imitation of Song Jingyi, then the ancients tone it, the body row with the couple, that the eight shares, through the meaning of the righteousness.” Thus, the shares, that dual, Pai text , A total of eight pairs of long sentences, so called "eight shares