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按照流域尺度从小到大,分别选择新安江流域、珠江流域和长江流域作为研究对象,通过实证分析发现上下游水环境库兹涅茨曲线遵从一定的演递规律,即上游地区往往会重复下游地区的曲线过程,但其发展阶段落后于下游地区。上下游的发展差异越大,这种规律表现得越明显。产生这一规律的主要原因是我国多数流域下游地区的经济发展水平一般高于上游地区,下游比上游更早地到达了环境库兹涅茨曲线的峰值,并具有了更强的环境保护能力。这一规律有助于深化对上游水资源保护的重要性的认识。国家和下游地区需要加强对上游欠缺的生态环境保护能力的支持和援助,降低上游水环境库兹涅茨曲线的峰值和曲率,从长远意义上减轻上游发展过程中对全流域生态环境产生的不利影响和生态保护代价。
According to the basin scale from small to large, the Xin’anjiang River Basin, the Pearl River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin are selected as the research objects respectively. The empirical analysis shows that the Kuznets Curve of the upstream and downstream water environment follows a certain law of presentation, that is, the upstream region tends to repeat the downstream region Curve process, but its development lags behind the downstream areas. The greater the difference between the upstream and downstream development, the more obvious this rule. The main reason for this rule is that the economic development in most downstream areas of the basin is generally higher than that in the upper reaches, and the downstream reaches the peak of the environmental Kuznets curve earlier than the upper reaches, and has a stronger environmental protection capability. This law helps to deepen the understanding of the importance of upstream water resources protection. The state and downstream areas need to strengthen their support and assistance to ecological and environmental protection that are lacking in the upper reaches so as to reduce the peak and curvature of the Kuznets Curve in the upstream water environment and mitigate the negative impacts on the ecological environment in the whole basin in the long run Impact and ecological protection costs.