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Summary: Effect of antiatherogenic high density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein AI(apoAI) on production of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) by human monocyte-derived macrophages wasinvestigated. Macrophages were loaded with acetylated low density lipoprotein followed by incuba-tion with HDL3 or apoAI. PGE2 produced and secreted in culture supernatant was quantified by en-zyme immunoassay. HDL3 induced production of PGE2 by macrophages in a time-dependent man-ner. 24 h after incubation, PGE2 production by HDL3-treated macrophages increased 3. 7-fold ofthat by control cells. ApoAI also induced PGE2 secretion to 2. 1-fold, which was significantly lessthan HDL3. The data indicate that both HDL3 and lipid-free apoAI enhance PGE2 synthesis and se-cretion by human macrophages and this may further contribute to the protection from atheroscle-rosis.