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苏联截止到1990年有高等学校889所,除少数部分综合性大学和工学院外,以单科性院、校居多。苏联高等学校专业设置分31类302个专业,其中以工科专业分得较细,占24类,共189个专业。苏联各高等学校自行组织入学考试,对优秀中学毕业生和退伍军人等均有照顾,鼓励有两年以上工作经历的人入学。报名人数与录取人数之比为236:100.苏联高校教学的特点是:重负荷,高淘汰,重实验和实习;开始重视计算机应用教学.苏联高校科研任务大部分来自生产单位委托,专职科研人员较多,在一些专业教研室科研人员与教学人员之比达3:1。高校实验室规模不大,比较注重计算.也有装备较先进的实验室.苏联电力工业占世界第2位,积极开展非传统能源(太阳能、风能等)开发利用是当前一个新动向.
As of the end of 1990, the Soviet Union has 889 colleges and universities, with the exception of a few comprehensive universities and technical schools, with single academic institutes and schools. There are 302 professional majors in 31 colleges and universities in the Soviet Union, of which there are 24 majors in 189 professional majors. All Soviet institutions of higher learning organize their own entrance examinations, take care of outstanding high school graduates and veterans, and encourage those who have worked for more than two years to enroll in schools. Enrollment and enrollment ratio of 236: 100. Soviet Union teaching is characterized by: heavy load, high out, heavy experiment and internship; began to attach importance to teaching computer applications. Most of the research mission of Soviet universities from the production unit commissioned, full-time scientific research personnel More, in some professional teaching and research staff and teaching staff ratio of 3: 1. University laboratories are small in scale and pay more attention to calculation, and more advanced laboratories are equipped. The Soviet Union’s power industry occupies the second place in the world, and actively developing and utilizing non-traditional energy sources (solar energy, wind energy, etc.) is a new trend at present.