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目的了解玉溪市15岁以下儿童麻疹疫苗免疫后抗体维持情况,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用分层和整群抽样法,在玉溪市一区八县内随机抽取3个县(红塔区、江川县、元江县),抽中的每个县按PPS概念抽样法调查350名儿童麻疹疫苗免疫接种情况,并采集合格血清进行麻疹IgG抗体检测。结果在调查的1043名儿童中,麻疹抗体阳性率为94.92%,几何平均滴度(GMT)为1:1080.93。三县区的阳性率均在94.68%以上,几何平均滴度(GMT1:)在936.10～1321.56之间,县区之间抗体阳性率无差异;不同年龄段之间抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.20,P<0.01),其中以1岁基础免疫组抗体相对较低,仅达91.91%;性别之间抗体阳性率无差异;不同户籍儿童抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.52,P<0.05)。结论玉溪市儿童麻疹疫苗免疫后产生了有效的IgG保护性抗体,1～15岁儿童形成了较牢固的免疫屏障,对控制麻疹取得较好的作用。
Objective To understand the maintenance of antibody after immunization of measles vaccine in children under 15 years of age in Yuxi City and to provide a scientific basis for the elimination of measles. Methods Stratified and cluster sampling methods were used to randomly select 3 counties (Hongta District, Jiangchuan County and Yuanjiang County) in each of the eight counties in one district of Yuxi. Each county in the sample was surveyed by PPS concept sampling method for 350 children measles Vaccine immunization situation, and collect qualified serum measles IgG antibody test. Results Among the 1043 children surveyed, the measles antibody positive rate was 94.92% and the geometric mean titer (GMT) was 1: 1080.93. The positive rates of the three counties were above 94.68%, the geometric mean titers (GMT1 :) were between 936.10 and 1321.56, and there was no difference in antibody positive rate among the counties; the positive rate of antibody among different age groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 14.20, P <0.01). The antibodies of the 1-year-old basic immunized group were relatively low (91.91%). There was no difference in the antibody positive rate among different sexes. The positive rates of antibody in different registered children were statistically different (χ2 = 13.52, P <0.05). Conclusion The measles immunization against measles vaccine in Yuxi City produced effective IgG protective antibodies. Children aged from 1 to 15 years formed a stronger immune barrier and achieved a better control effect on measles.