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液体的胃排空比固体食物快,外伤、术前用阿片类药物等可延迟胃排空,甲氧普胺和西沙必利可加快胃排空,组胺H_2受体抑制药和H~+K~+ATP酶抑制药可减少诱导的胃液量,提高其pH值,术前2～3h口服150ml液体(儿童2～5ml/kg)不增加残余胃液量及降低pH,建议健康择期手术病人术前从午夜开始禁固体食物,术前3h尚可饮少量液体。急诊手术视情况而定。
Liquid gastric emptying faster than solid food, trauma, preoperative opioid can delay gastric emptying, metopamine and cisapride can speed up gastric emptying, histamine H_2 receptor inhibitors and H ~ + K ~ + ATPase inhibitor can reduce the induced gastric volume, increase its pH, 2 ~ 3h before oral administration of 150ml liquid (children 2 ~ 5ml / kg) does not increase the residual gastric volume and reduce the pH, it is recommended healthy elective surgery patients Banned from the midnight before solid food, 3h before surgery can drink a small amount of liquid. Emergency surgery, as the case may be.