目的探讨中国65岁以上城镇老年人糖尿病患病趋势及其与家庭社会经济水平的关联性。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法,分别在中国9省份抽取65岁以上城镇老年人作为调查对象。分析2000~2011年糖尿病患病率变化趋势,并采用秩和检验、卡方检验、t检验分析患病率的相关因素,用logistic回归模型分析糖尿病患病趋势与家庭社会经济水平之间的关联。结果共调查3 334名65岁以上城镇老年人,其中患病人数共254人(7.8%)。糖尿病患病率从2000年的5.11%增长至2011的11.08%,呈逐年递增的趋势(P<0.001)。统计分析发现家庭人均年收入较高的人群,糖尿病患病率较高(P<0.05);而不同年龄、性别与受教育程度的人群之间患病率差异均无统计学意义。结论中国城镇老年人群糖尿病患病率近年来持续增长,家庭社会经济学水平高仍是中国城镇老年人群糖尿病患病的危险因素之一。 Objective To explore the prevalence of diabetes and its association with family social and economic status in urban Chinese over 65 years of age. Methods A stratified multistage cluster random sampling method was used to survey elderly people over the age of 65 in 9 provinces in China. The trend of prevalence of diabetes in 2000 ~ 2011 was analyzed. The related factors of prevalence were analyzed by rank sum test, chi-square test and t-test, and the association between diabetes prevalence and family socioeconomic status was analyzed by logistic regression model . Results A total of 3 334 elderly people over the age of 65 were surveyed, of which 254 (7.8%) were affected. The prevalence of diabetes increased from 5.11% in 2000 to 11.08% in 2011, showing an increasing trend year by year (P <0.001). Statistical analysis found that people with higher per capita annual family income had a higher prevalence of diabetes (P <0.05), while there was no significant difference in prevalence among people of different ages, genders and educational levels. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in urban elderly in China continues to increase in recent years, and the high level of family socio-economics is still one of the risk factors for diabetes mellitus in urban elderly in China.