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目的应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测唾液中抗戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)-IgM,评价其用于戊型肝炎早期诊断的可行性。方法应用东南大学基因工程疫苗研究所建立的HEV-IgM抗体ELISA检测方法,检测77例急性戊型肝炎患者、63例非戊型肝炎患者及64例正常人的唾液和血清样本中抗HEV-IgM,将唾液和血清两者的检测结果加以比较,并观察标本采集时间对检测结果的影响。结果77份急性戊型肝炎患者血清与唾液抗HEV-IgM阳性符合率为87%;在64份正常对照组及63份其他患者对照组中,血清与唾液抗HEV-IgM均阴性,阴性符合率为100%。标本采集时间对唾液和血清检测结果的相关性无显著影响。结论唾液标本用于抗HEV-IgM检测,特异性好,敏感性较高,具有无创伤、容易采集、操作简便等优点,在特殊情况下可代替血清用于戊型肝炎的诊断,尤其适用于戊型肝炎流行时HEV近期感染的血清流行病学调查。
Objective To detect the anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) -IgM in saliva by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and evaluate its feasibility for early diagnosis of hepatitis E. Methods The anti-HEV-IgM antibodies against HEV-IgM in 77 patients with acute hepatitis E, 63 patients with non-hepatitis E and 64 normal controls were detected by HEV-IgM ELISA assay established by Institute of Genetically Modified Vaccine, Southeast University. , The saliva and serum test results to compare both, and observe the specimen collection time on the test results. Results The positive coincidence rate of serum and salivary anti-HEV-IgM in 77 patients with acute hepatitis E was 87%. In 64 normal controls and 63 other patients, the serum and salivary anti-HEV-IgM were both negative and negative It is 100%. There was no significant difference in the correlation between saliva and serum test results when the specimen was collected. Conclusion Salivary samples can be used to detect HEV-IgM, which has good specificity and high sensitivity. It is non-invasive, easy to collect and easy to operate. It can replace serum for the diagnosis of hepatitis E in special cases, especially for Seroepidemiological investigation of recent HEV infection during hepatitis E epidemics.